Runes and Rune Calendars — engraving

"Sweden"

"1. 2. Inscriptions Runiques 3. Calendrier Runique 4. Rhyton Scandinave avec inscription Runique. Suede".

1. 2. Runic inscriptions 3. Runic calendar 4. Scandinavian rhyton with runic inscription.

Runes are a writing system used from the 1st - 2nd to the 12th centuries on the territory of modern Denmark, Sweden and Norway, to the 10th - 13th centuries, in the Swedish province of Dalarna until the 19th century. Runes were carved or carved into stone, metal, wood or bone. After the adoption of Christianity in these countries, runes as writing were supplanted by the Latin alphabet. Most of the runic inscriptions were found in Sweden.

Runic calendars are a type of "perpetual calendar". These calendars were used in Scandinavia during the Middle Ages, with the earliest ones found dating back to the 14th century. In Denmark they were called Rimstocks, in Norway Proistavs.

Rhyton - A vessel in the form of a horn or cone with a small hole in the lower part. The lower end is designed in the form of a protoma of a mythical creature. They were made of metal, ceramics, horn, and bone. Rhyton was used in sacred rites of sacrifice or libation of wine in honor of a particular god. Known since the Bronze Age.

Technique, Material: copper engraving / Paper
Artist:, Engraver: direxit  Augustin Francois Lemaitre
Date: "Histoire et description de tous les peoples", Paris, 1838.
Size: 13 х 21 cm.